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Hong Kong's pro-democr...ginning of the demonstrations.

1 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

Hong Kong's pro-democracy protesters defy the authorities on an unauthorized protest on the day of the 70th Anniversary of the People's Republic of China. On this day, a protester was shot with real ammunition by the Hong Kong police. The day ended with 269 people arrested, one of the highest numbers since the beginning of the demonstrations.

Two protesters carry flags of ...arty in an unauthorized march.

2 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

Two protesters carry flags of the People's Republic of China, with a painted X, on the 70th anniversary of the Chinese Communist Party in an unauthorized march.

Following the arrests of Hong ...d major roads in Causeway Bay.

3 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

Following the arrests of Hong Kong activists, including Agnes Chow and Joshua Wong, and a police ban on a protest organised by the Civil Human Rights Front, on August 31th, hundreds of thousands of protesters decided to defy the ban and joined a Christian march in Wan Chai, and others occupied major roads in Causeway Bay.

Protesters raise their hands a...as to disperse the protesters.

4 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

Protesters raise their hands at the police. On June 12, there were about half a million people on the streets in a protest that surrounded LegCo to prevent deputies from entering to discuss the extradition bill. Law enforcement officials respond with batons, pepper spray and tear gas to disperse the protesters.

Protesters break down protecti...as to disperse the protesters.

5 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

Protesters break down protective barriers to escape a police charge on Harcourt Road, near LegCo. On June 12, there were about half a million people on the streets in a protest that surrounded LegCo to prevent deputies from entering to discuss the extradition bill. Law enforcement officials respond with batons, pepper spray and tear gas to disperse the protesters.

A young man protects is eyes f...as to disperse the protesters.

6 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

A young man protects is eyes from tear gas. On June 12, there were about half a million people on the streets in a protest that surrounded LegCo to prevent deputies from entering to discuss the extradition bill. Law enforcement officials respond with batons, pepper spray and tear gas to disperse the protesters.

The police shoot a tear gas ro...as to disperse the protesters.

7 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

The police shoot a tear gas round over the protesters at Harcourt Road, in response to the demonstrators throwing bricks, umbrellas, and bottles. This led to what many called the excessive response from the police. On June 12, there were about half a million people on the streets in a protest that surrounded LegCo to prevent deputies from entering to discuss the extradition bill. Law enforcement officials respond with batons, pepper spray and tear gas to disperse the protesters.

Protesters protect themselves ...years of Communist Party rule.

8 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

Protesters protect themselves from tear gas projectiles fired by the police when they tried to invest against agents who were on a bridge, in Admiralty, this on the same day china was celebrating 70 years of Communist Party rule.

A man is lying on the floor af...ong Kong Legislative Assembly.

9 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

A man is lying on the floor after being hit by a projectile fired by the security forces, as they disperse the crowd scattered through the streets surrounding the Hong Kong Legislative Assembly.

On June 12, there were about h...as to disperse the protesters.

10 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

On June 12, there were about half a million people on the streets in a protest that surrounded LegCo to prevent deputies from entering to discuss the extradition bill. Law enforcement officials respond with batons, pepper spray and tear gas to disperse the protesters.

A girl screams while watching ...as to disperse the protesters.

11 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

A girl screams while watching the police load on the demonstrators. On June 12, there were about half a million people on the streets in a protest that surrounded LegCo to prevent deputies from entering to discuss the extradition bill. Law enforcement officials respond with batons, pepper spray and tear gas to disperse the protesters.

The use of tear gas, by the au... was exposed to this chemical.

12 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

The use of tear gas, by the authorities, was widely contested by the citizens of Hong Kong. According to police data, about 6,000 canisters were fired by the end of October 2019, and approximately 88% of the city's population was exposed to this chemical.

A man protects his eyes, nose,... was exposed to this chemical.

13 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

A man protects his eyes, nose, and mouth from the tear gas smoke. The use of tear gas, by the authorities, was widely contested by the citizens of Hong Kong. According to police data, about 6,000 canisters were fired by the end of October 2019, and approximately 88% of the city's population was exposed to this chemical.

A woman is taken by two parame...as to disperse the protesters.

14 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

A woman is taken by two paramedics in downtown Hong Kong. On June 12, there were about half a million people on the streets in a protest that surrounded LegCo to prevent deputies from entering to discuss the extradition bill. Law enforcement officials respond with batons, pepper spray and tear gas to disperse the protesters.

A person dressed in a spider-m... of popular culture reference.

15 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

A person dressed in a spider-man costume watches the attempted invasion of the LegCo on 12 August 2019. The pro-democratic movement in the autonomous region of Hong Kong has often resorted to the refined use of iconography, and the use of popular culture reference.

A group of protesters smashes a...on bill proposed by Carrie Lam.

16 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

A group of protesters smashes a glass panel outside the Legislative Council Complex, using objects found in the streets. At the same time, the police inside pepper spray the protesters, preventing them from going inside. The siege and invasion of The Legislative Council was the culmination of an escalation of the protests during the month of June against the extradition bill proposed by Carrie Lam.

Inside Legislative Council a po...amp;rsquo;t get in the complex.

17 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

Inside Legislative Council a police officer with a mic warns the protesters to don’t get in the complex.

A protester smashes a glass do...n bill proposed by Carrie Lam.

18 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

A protester smashes a glass door at the main entrance of the Legislative Council. The siege and invasion of the Legislative Council was the culmination of an escalation on the protests during June 2019 against the extradition bill proposed by Carrie Lam.

Hundreds of protesters force th...nce to the Legislative Council.

19 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

Hundreds of protesters force the entrance to the Legislative Council.

After an afternoon trying to b...Council letting people get in.

20 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

After an afternoon trying to brake the entrance to get in LegCo, around 9pm pro-democracy activists manage to open the security gates. Without any explanation, the police withdrew from inside of the Legislative Council letting people get in.

A protester films the seat of ...ormed the Legislative Council.

21 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

A protester films the seat of the Chairman of the Legislative Council after the invasion and occupation of the Chamber. On the 1st of July, after a peaceful march with hundreds of thousands of protesters, along the city streets, a small group of several hundred demonstrators stormed the Legislative Council.

Chair of the president of the ...ute over the following months.

22 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

Chair of the president of the Legislative Assembly with a colonial Hong Kong flag after pro-democracy demonstrators stormed the building. The invasion of the assembly represented an escalation of the tensions between protesters and the legislative powers of the city in a feeling of frustration that would become more acute over the following months.

Clashes in Harcourt Road, on t...direct elections in Hong Kong.

23 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

Clashes in Harcourt Road, on the fifth anniversary of China’s 2014 proposal to limit direct elections in Hong Kong.

Three frontliners hold still d...extinguish tear gas canisters.

24 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

Three frontliners hold still during the clashes on August 12th, waiting for further action, they were entrusted to extinguish tear gas canisters.

A man picks the stones off the...direct elections in Hong Kong.

25 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

A man picks the stones off the sidewalk as a weapon, during confrontations with the security forces. The 31st of August marked the fifth anniversary of China’s 2014 proposal to limit direct elections in Hong Kong.

Protesters throw molotov cocktails to the LegCo complex.

26 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

Protesters throw molotov cocktails to the LegCo complex.

Two riot police, on the 70th a... protesters for later arrests.

27 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

Two riot police, on the 70th anniversary of the People’s Republic of China. In the background, a jet of water with blue dye launched by a police water cannon. with the purpose to mark the protesters for later arrests.

A protester is immobilized on ... first time with a live round.

28 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

A protester is immobilized on the ground by police officers at Wan Chai district. On this day, the police shot a protester for the first time with a live round.

Protesters make a shield with ...direct elections in Hong Kong.

29 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

Protesters make a shield with their umbrellas to protect themselves from projectiles shot by the police at Tsim Sha Tsui Police Station. The 31st of August marked the fifth anniversary of China’s 2014 proposal to limit direct elections in Hong Kong.

Police clear the streets at Wa...st nine districts in the city.

30 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

Police clear the streets at Wan Chai area, on a day when protesters and riot police clashed in at least nine districts in the city.

A protester dressed in black t...ound 269 people were arrested.

31 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

A protester dressed in black throws a Molotov cocktail on the evening of the 1st of October, the day China's celebrating the 70th anniversary of the Communist Party rule. On this day, the clashes between the riot police and the protesters spread for at least nine districts, and around 269 people were arrested.

People running from riot police in Hong Kong downtown.

32 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

People running from riot police in Hong Kong downtown.

A group of anti-riot police wa...monstrators along Nathan Road.

33 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

A group of anti-riot police walking towards the demonstrators along Nathan Road.

Anti-riot police run after a w...ide Yau Ma Tei subway station.

34 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

Anti-riot police run after a woman carrying a bag with protective gear, for the demonstrators, inside Yau Ma Tei subway station.

At Yau Ma Tei MTR station, an ... subway stormed by the police.

35 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

At Yau Ma Tei MTR station, an officer wipes the blood from the face of a detained man, who was allegedly inside Prince Edward's subway stormed by the police.

Train stormed by the &ldqu... with batons and pepper spray.

36 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

Train stormed by the “Raptors” - a Special Tactical Squad, stoped at Yau Ma Tei MTR Station. After a day of chaos all over the city, members of the police Special Tactical Squad stormed into a train at Prince Edward station, attacking protesters and passengers with batons and pepper spray.

A man lay down in the ground i...an 6.000 people were arrested.

37 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

A man lay down in the ground immobilized by the police forces, outside the Yau Ma Tei MTR Station, at the end of the night of August 31th, in the day of unauthorised demonstrations the rage took place all over the city. Since the beginning of the protests, more than 6.000 people were arrested.

A man distributes small flags ...eedom in Hong Kong.”

38 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

A man distributes small flags of China and pamphlets to passersby on the day of the "Hong March Way". The t-shirt reads: "The core socialist values. Chinese Socialism". To whoever passes and sends him home, the man replies: "If you continue with these protests, you will lose your freedom in Hong Kong.”

Protesters disperse in the Tsim...gh different parts of the city.

39 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

Protesters disperse in the Tsim Sha Tsui area after a police charge. The motto "Be water," a quote from Bruce Lee, was adopted by the protesters to deal with the authorities, based on the strategy of meeting and quickly dispersing flowing through different parts of the city.

A woman pays tribute to Alex C..., several days after the fall.

40 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

A woman pays tribute to Alex Chow, at the place where the 22-year-old-student fell to death in a car park in Tseung Kwan O, near where the police clashed with protesters. The young man died on the 8th of November 2019, several days after the fall.

Two young men, wait to enter a...d several days after the fall.

41 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

Two young men, wait to enter at Sheung Tak car park in Tseung Kwan O, to pay tribute to the university student Alex Chow, who fell to death allegedly on the run from the police. The 22-year-old student, died several days after the fall.

A bus out of service due to the city social unrest.

42 of 42 © 2024 Eduardo Martins

A bus out of service due to the city social unrest.

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Thumbnail of Hong Kong's pro-democra_eginning of the demonstrations.

Thumbnail of Two protesters carry flags of t_Party in an unauthorized march.

Thumbnail of Following the arrests of Hong K_ed major roads in Causeway Bay.

Thumbnail of Protesters raise their hands at_gas to disperse the protesters.

Thumbnail of Protesters break down protectiv_gas to disperse the protesters.

Thumbnail of A young man protects is eyes fr_gas to disperse the protesters.

Thumbnail of The police shoot a tear gas rou_gas to disperse the protesters.

Thumbnail of Protesters protect themselves f_ years of Communist Party rule.

Thumbnail of A man is lying on the floor aft_Hong Kong Legislative Assembly.

Thumbnail of On June 12, there were about ha_gas to disperse the protesters.

Thumbnail of A girl screams while watching t_gas to disperse the protesters.

Thumbnail of The use of tear gas, by the aut_n was exposed to this chemical.

Thumbnail of A man protects his eyes, nose, _n was exposed to this chemical.

Thumbnail of A woman is taken by two paramed_gas to disperse the protesters.

Thumbnail of A person dressed in a spider-ma_e of popular culture reference.

Thumbnail of A group of protesters smashes a _ion bill proposed by Carrie Lam.

Thumbnail of Inside Legislative Council a pol_’t get in the complex.

Thumbnail of A protester smashes a glass doo_on bill proposed by Carrie Lam.

Thumbnail of Hundreds of protesters force the_ance to the Legislative Council.

Thumbnail of After an afternoon trying to br_ Council letting people get in.

Thumbnail of A protester films the seat of t_tormed the Legislative Council.

Thumbnail of Chair of the president of the L_cute over the following months.

Thumbnail of Clashes in Harcourt Road, on th_ direct elections in Hong Kong.

Thumbnail of Three frontliners hold still du_ extinguish tear gas canisters.

Thumbnail of A man picks the stones off the _ direct elections in Hong Kong.

Thumbnail of Protesters throw molotov cocktails to the LegCo complex.

Thumbnail of Two riot police, on the 70th an_e protesters for later arrests.

Thumbnail of A protester is immobilized on t_e first time with a live round.

Thumbnail of Protesters make a shield with t_ direct elections in Hong Kong.

Thumbnail of Police clear the streets at Wan_ast nine districts in the city.

Thumbnail of A protester dressed in black th_round 269 people were arrested.

Thumbnail of People running from riot police in Hong Kong downtown.

Thumbnail of A group of anti-riot police wal_emonstrators along Nathan Road.

Thumbnail of Anti-riot police run after a wo_side Yau Ma Tei subway station.

Thumbnail of At Yau Ma Tei MTR station, an o_s subway stormed by the police.

Thumbnail of Train stormed by the &ldquo_s with batons and pepper spray.

Thumbnail of A man lay down in the ground im_han 6.000 people were arrested.

Thumbnail of A man distributes small flags o_reedom in Hong Kong.”

Thumbnail of Protesters disperse in the Tsim _ugh different parts of the city.

Thumbnail of A woman pays tribute to Alex Ch_9, several days after the fall.

Thumbnail of Two young men, wait to enter at_ed several days after the fall.

Thumbnail of A bus out of service due to the city social unrest.

Public Project

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Copyright Eduardo Martins 2024

Updated Jul 2021

Location HONG KONG

Topics Civil Wars, Documentary, Essays, Hong kong, Human Rights, Oppression, Photography, Photojournalism, Protests, Revolution, Youth

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During the second half of 2019, Hong Kong saw millions of people on the streets and the rise of public demonstrations against a bill that would allow people to be extradited from Hong Kong to mainland China. The bill initially presented in February caused widespread criticism in different sectors of society. It was the trigger for broader protests on issues such as the right to universal suffrage, foreseen in Hong Kong's Basic Law. The citizens started the protests with different approaches, from more pacific as silent vigils or marches to more violent ones regarding the response they were hading from the authorities and the police. Strongly influenced by the contemporary visual culture, with the refined use of symbols, and social movements like the Ukrainian uprising in the year of 2014, this was a movement that since the beginning tried to get international support.

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